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Field Epidemiology Manual Wiki
A set of online resources for professionals working in intervention epidemiology, public health microbiology and infection control and hospital hygiene
FEM Wiki
Field Epidemiology Manual Wiki
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Discussions
Articles - Wiki Discussion
Ask The Expert
Disease Prevention & Control - general interest
Epidemiologists in Europe - important personages
Feedback & Bugs
FEMWIKI users forum
Field Epidemiology Manual - Wiki Discussion
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Assessing the burden of disease and risk assessment
Descriptive data analysis
Analysis by person characteristics
Analysis by place characteristics
Choosing an appropriate type of map
Which indicator to map?
Analysis by time characteristics
Methods for setting thresholds in time series analysis
Smoothing techniques for describing time series
Spatial Analysis (Geographical Information Systems)
Epidemic Intelligence
Rapid Risk Assessment
Classifying and Measuring Risk
Identifying Risk
Stage 0: Preparation for rapid risk assessment
Stage 1: Collecting event information
Stage 2: Systematically collecting information
Stage 3: Extracting relevant evidence
Stage 4: Appraising evidence
Stage 5 Estimating the risk
Surveillance - Principles
Criteria for Surveillance
Event-based Surveillance
Indicator-based Surveillance
Establishing a Surveillance System
Analysis of Surveillance Data
Analysis, Interpretation and Dissemination
Quality checking
Common errors in surveillance data analysis
Evaluation of Surveillance Systems
10 common errors in surveillance evaluations
Quality, Governance and Operating Procedures
Surveillance attributes for evaluation
capture-recapture
Sources and Types of Data
Types of Surveillance System (Active vs Passive)
Surveillance System Design and Operation
Uses of Surveillance Data
Objectives of Surveillance ? Inputs and Outputs
Opportunities and Challenges
Surveillance or Research?
The Components of Surveillance
The Role of Surveillance
Field Epidemiology
Combining Studies: Meta-Analysis
Key definitions in infectious diseases epidemiology
Measurement in Field Epidemiology
Cluster Investigations
Statistical Methods for Cluster Investigation
Types of Cluster
Getting Measurement Right
Measures of association
Measures of Disease Impact
Impact numbers
Measures of disease impact - Further reading
Measures of impact among the exposed
Measures of impact in the population
Quantifying disease burden
Measures of Disease Occurrence
Attack rates and case fatality
Incidence rate
Odds
Probability
Prevalence
Relation between risk and incidence rate
Risks and Rates
Problems with Measurement
Bias
Detection Bias
Effect Modification and Confounding
Confounding in studies
Criteria for confounding
Dose Effect
Effect Modification
Interaction
Residual Confounding
Information (Measurement) Bias
Interviewer Bias
Recall Bias
Reporting Bias
Response Bias
Preventing bias
Selection Bias
Selection bias and case-control studies
Ascertainment Bias
Diagnostic bias
Non-response bias
Referral bias
Survival bias
Selection bias and cohort studies
Testing the Tests
Diagnostic tests versus screening tests
Glossary
Parallel versus Serial testing
Receiver operating curve
Test Precision
Test reliability
Test Reproducibility
Threshold setting
Validity and accuracy
Methods in Field Epidemiology
Scientific (evidence base for prevention)
Causal Inference
Causal mechanisms
Viewpoints for Causality (Bradford Hill)
Types of Study
Analytical Study Designs
Advantages and disadvantages of cohort and case control studies
Case-control studies
Case-cohort study
Density case control studies
Table measuring risk, rate and odds ratio
Traditional case-control studies
Choosing a Reference Group
Control Selection
Developing a control definition
Special Considerations in Control Selection
Cohort studies
Measuring incidence rates
Measuring risk
Reference group for cohort studies
Cross-sectional Studies
Matching
Advantages and disadvantages of matching
Principles of matching
Restriction
Table format and Analysis
Measures of effect in various study designs
Non-traditional designs
Case cross over studies
Case to case study design
Descriptive Studies
Experimental Studies
Outbreak Investigations
Case definitions for outbreak assessment
Case Definitions
Defining a Case
Sensitivity and Specificity of a case definition
Various Levels of Case Definition
Confirm the outbreak
Types of Outbreak
Continuing Source
Distinguishing Different Sources or Modes of Transmission during an outbreak
Identifying Multiple Possible Outbreak Sources
Person to Person
Point Source
Refining the estimated point in time of an outbreak source
Incubation period, Latent period and Generation time.
Unmasking Outbreak Source through Segmentation
Vector Borne
Describe the outbreak
Construction of Epidemic Curves
Diagnostic Applications of the Epidemic Curve
Disentangling Complex Data
Use of Epidemic Curves for characterising Outbreak Sources
Informing Action / Improving Knowledge
Additional resources for presenting findings
Choosing a method of data display
Communication of findings
To professionals
Definition of an Outbreak Investigation Report
Frequent Problems with writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
Structure of an Outbreak Investigation Report
Writing an Outbreak Investigation Report
Writing style of an Outbreak Investigation Report
SOCO (single over-riding communications objective)
To Public and the Media
Graphs, charts, diagrams
Bar graphs
Frequency polygons
Histograms
Line graphs
Other types of data display
Pie charts
Interpreting Data
Maps
Presenting Data
Tables
Types of variables and line listing
Use of computers
Investigations in Special Circumstances
Disasters and Emergencies
Health care settings
Possible Terrorist / Deliberate Event
Prisons
Schools
Outbreak investigations: 10 steps, 10 pitfalls
Outbreak steps : additional points
Rationale for Outbreak Investigations
Public health response (informing control)
The outbreak management team
Formal Risk Assessment
Health Economics
Cost-effectiveness
Cost-minimisation
Cost-utility
Measuring the Quality of Healthcare
Sensitivity Analysis
Screening
Evaluation of Screening
Measures of Accuracy in Screening
Principles of Screening
General Communication
Aide memoire for oral presentations and visual aids
Health communication
Crisis communication
Health advocacy
Health education
Health literacy
Outbreak communication
Risk communication
Social marketing
Writing a Study Protocol
Analysing a public health problem
SMART definitions
Checklist for study protocols
Data collection instrument
Questionnaire Design
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Bias in Questionnaires
Hints to Design a Good Questionnaire
Questionnaire Layout and Coding
Seven Golden Rules to Design Questions
Piloting Questionnaires
Ten Steps to Design a Questionnaire
Types of Questionnaires
Types of Questions
Format of closed questions
Validated questionnaires
Writing for Publications
Checklist for posters
Scientific paper review form
Writing for Stakeholders
Infection control and hospital hygiene
Antimicrobial stewardship
Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control as a part of patient safety programme
Healthcare-associated infection prevention and control programme
Cooperative learning as active learning in adult
Education and training of staff
Healthcare-associated infections and risk assessment
Burden of HAIs
Main pathogens and resistance
Antimicrobial resistance.
Acquired resistance
Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)
Types of HAIs
CAUTI
CLABSI
SSI
VAP
Infection control interventions
Cohorting patients and/or staff
Contact precautions
Developing infection control interventions: isolation
Environment as a source of healthcare-associated infections
Hand hygiene
Gloves and hand hygiene
Hand hygiene - principles
Five moments for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene before invasive procedures
Hand hygiene for patients and visitors
Indications for hand hygiene
Hand hygiene education and promotion
Hand hygiene methods
Hand hygiene products selection and evaluation
Aesthetic preferences
Evaluation of the microbicidal activities of hand-rub and hand-wash agents
Pilot testing
Product accessibility and cost
Selection and evaluation for specific products
Microbial flora of the hands
Nails, rings, watches, bracelets
Skin care
Hospital cleaning and decontamination
Immunization of health care workers
Isolation of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
Methods for assessing environmental cleanliness
Microbial typing
Molecular epidemiology
Pre-emptive isolation
Reprocessing of flexible endoscopes
Standard precautions
The role of the clinical microbiology laboratory in infection prevention and control
Clinical role of the microbiology laboratory.
Epidemiological/public health role of the clinical microbiology laboratory
Surveillance and investigation of healthcare-associated infections
Case definitions of healthcare infections
HAI case definitions for use in hospitals
Bloodstream Infection
Bone and Joint Infection
Cardiovascular System Infection
Catheter-Related Infection
Central Nervous System Infection
Eye, Ear, Nose or Mouth Infection
Gastrointestinal System Infections
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection other than pneumonia
Pneumonia
Reproductive Tract Infections
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Specific Neonatal Case definitions
Surgical Site Infection
Systemic Infections
Urinary Tract Infection
European surveillance of healthcare-associated infections
ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in acute care hospitals
ECDC ?Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals? protocol
ECDC ?Point prevalence survey of healthcare associated infections and antimicrobial use in European acute care hospitals?, definition of healthcare-associated infection
ECDC PPS - antimicrobial use definition
ECDC PPS - inclusion/exclusion criteria
ECDC point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in long term care facilities
ECDC surveillance of Surgical Site Infections
HAI Surveillance at the EU level - importance of international networks
ECDC Programme on antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections
European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net)
European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net)
Healthcare-Associated Infections Network (HAI-Net)
Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections
Surveillance of HAIs in intensive care units
The European Surveillance System (TESSy)
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - definition
Surveillance methodologies for healthcare associated infections
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections - other approaches
Surveillance for MV Patients in the ICU
Introduction to Public Health and basic concepts
Public Health Informatics
Apps for epidemiologists
Data Capture Systems
Electronic Data Transfer
Online Reporting
Web-crawling Applications
Health Informatics Standards ? general introduction
Health Informatics Standards - Health Information Systems and Processes
Health Informatics Standards - Standard Content
Software for epidemiologists
Weblinks for epidemiologists
Public Health Interventions
Contact tracing
Host
Prevention
Hygiene and Sanitation
Primary prevention
Vaccination
Herd immunity
Measuring protection
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Reservoir for infectious agents
Source of infection
Transmission routes
Public Health Law
Brief history of International Communicable Disease Law
EU Public Health Legislation
Decision 1082/2013/EU: Serious cross border health threat
Some key recitals under 1082
EU Food Safety Legislation
EU Legislation for Communicable Diseases Surveillance
International Health Regulations 2005 edition
Applying Epidemiology for the International Health Regulations.
Public Health Microbiology
Applied Immunology
Antibodies
Antigen presenting cells (APC)
Antigens (Ag)
How pathogens try to trick our defenses
Helminthic mechanisms of immune evasion
Mechanism of infectious disease
What determines our susceptibility to infections?
Practical Aspects of Specimen Collection and Shipment
The Role of Microbiology
Bioinformatics
Expert Advice
Laboratory Support
Types of Microorganisms
Public Health Programs
Statistical Concepts
Models
Logistic Regression
Estimating Odds Ratios in the presence of interaction
Fitting logistic regression models
Interpreting model coefficients
Linear models
Model building strategies
The logistic model
Stratified Analysis
The Mantel Haenszel Method
Power and Sample Size
Presenting Statistics
Sampling
Concepts in sampling
Statistical Tests
Significance and Confidence
Confidence Intervals
Significant probability to be different from the expected
The idea of Statistical Inference
Site Contents
Epidemiologists in Europe - important personages
Hippocrates (460-377 BC)
